• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The MFPB antenna has a plurality of four-port RF sources and a BFN, the number of sources per beam being four, and a single structuring interface plate (30) covering all accesses of the RF sources, and having a plurality of through waveguides (31). The traversing waveguides (31) are arranged in a matrix with several lines and several columns, the RF sources are grouped into subsets (20, 21, 22) respectively integrated in different independent source blocks (15) mounted next to each other on the front face of the interface plate (30), the accesses of the RF sources of each source block being connected to the waveguides therethrough. The BFN consists of several independent linear partial BFNs, called BFN arrays (BFN1, BFN2, BFN3), mounted side by side on the rear face of the interface plate (30), the different power combiner accesses (23a , 23b) integrated in each BFN strip being connected to the traversing waveguides.
    公开号:FR3035548A1
    申请号:FR1500871
    申请日:2015-04-24
    公开日:2016-10-28
    发明作者:Pierre Bosshard；Jean Christophe Odin；Martin Olivier Saint；Daniel Andrieu
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multi-source antenna architecture for a beam and having a modular focal array. It applies to the field of space applications such as satellite telecommunications and more particularly to MFPB antenna systems (in English: Multiple Feeds Per Beam) embedded on a satellite in order to ensure a mission with multichannel coverage. In an MFPB antenna with multiple radio RF sources per beam, each beam is formed by combining the accesses of several radio frequency sources of a focal network, each radiofrequency source consisting of a radiating element connected to a radiofrequency transmission and transmission channel. reception usually with two accesses. For this, the RF sources of the focal network are grouped into a plurality of elementary cells having the same number of RF sources and forming a mesh. Depending on the location of the radio frequency sources in the focal network and the number of radiofrequency sources in each mesh, the mesh may have different geometric shapes, for example square or hexagonal. The accesses of the radiofrequency sources of each mesh can then be combined with each other to form a beam. To obtain a good coverage of the beams, it is known to reuse one or more radio frequency sources to form adjacent beams. The reuse of the radio frequency sources is generally carried out according to two dimensions of the space, which conventionally requires the use of a complex BFN beam formation network (Beam Forming Network). power arranged axially, which intersect with each other, and it is then impossible to physically separate the combination circuits dedicated to the formation of different beams. This difficulty is increased by the use of couplers common to several radio frequency sources, which allow the reuse of radio frequency sources and the independence of the beams between them. These antennas therefore can not be constructed and assembled in modular form and the number of beams that can be formed is limited. Document FR 2 939 971 describes a particularly compact radiofrequency source 5 comprising a four-port RF chain, two transmission ports of which operate respectively in two polarizations P1, P2 orthogonal to each other and two reception ports operating respectively in the two polarizations P1. and P2. The transmission ports and the reception ports operate respectively in two bands of 10 different frequencies F1 and F2. This radiofrequency source comprising four independent accesses makes it possible to form two independent beams on transmission and on reception. The document FR 2 993 716 describes a transmission and reception MFPB antenna architecture comprising a focal network equipped with compact four-port radio frequency sources, in which each beam is produced by a group of four radio frequency sources of the network, in combining in four, the accesses of the same polarization and the same frequency of each of the four radiofrequency sources. This antenna 20 operates on transmission and reception, and two adjacent beams operating in orthogonal polarizations are developed by two groups of different RF sources, each consisting of four radio-frequency sources that can share one or two radio-frequency sources, depending on the arrangement. of the four RF sources in the mesh. This architecture 25 makes it possible to reuse radio frequency sources in only one dimension of space and requires the use of a second identical antenna to obtain a good overlap of the beams in the two dimensions of space. This antenna architecture is therefore particularly simple since two adjacent beams are made by different access combinations, which allows the use of independent BFNs, each BFN comprising combination circuits dedicated to the formation of a single beam. . However, this document does not give any information on a possibility of constructing the focal network of the antenna in a modular form, nor on the possibility of assembling the sources 35 and the BFNs without overlap between the components of the different BFNs.
    [0002] The object of the invention is to remedy the problems of known MFPB antennas and to realize a new MFPB antenna architecture whose dimension can be adjusted as required, without limitation, comprising a completely modular focal network allowing develop a very large number of beams, each elementary module being functional and independent of the other modules, the various elementary modules can be assembled in a simple manner, on a single joint plane, without any overlap between the components of the different modules, and therefore without any hyperstatic constraint. For this purpose, the invention relates to a multi-beam beam antenna comprising a focal array equipped with a plurality of RF radio frequency sources and a BFN beam forming network, each RF source having a radiating horn connected to a chain. RF transmission and reception, two emission ports respectively operating in two different polarizations orthogonal to each other and two receiving ports respectively operating in said two different polarizations, the number of RF sources per beam being equal to four.
    [0003] The antenna further comprises a single structuring interface plate covering all the accesses of the RF sources of the focal grating, the interface plate comprising two opposite faces, respectively front and rear, and a plurality of waveguides. through, integrated in the interface plate and opening on both front and rear faces, the traversing waveguides respectively being arranged in a multi-line matrix and several columns. The RF sources are grouped into subsets respectively integrated in different independent source blocks each having at least four RF sources, the source blocks being mounted next to one another on the front face of the plate. interface, the different accesses of the RF sources of each source block being connected to corresponding traversing waveguides of the interface plate. The beamforming network consists of several independent linear partial BFNs, called BFN arrays, each BFN array incorporating power combiners, the BFN arrays being mounted side by side on the backplane 3035548 of the BFN plate. interface, the integrated power combiners in each partial BFN having ports connected to corresponding through-waveguides of the interface plate.
    [0004] Advantageously, each source block may consist of a stack of several planar layers, each planar layer consisting of two complementary metal half-shells assembled together, the two half-shells of each planar layer integrating radio frequency components of the chains. RF of all RF sources of the source block, each RF chain being connected to a corresponding radiating horn. Advantageously, the transmission and reception ports of the RF channels can all have the same orientation.
    [0005] Advantageously, the adjacent RF sources in the focal network have four-by-four transmit and receive ports respectively connected by the power combiners integrated into the BFN arrays, two groups of four consecutive sources in the focal network. sharing two sources in common in a single focal network direction and the BFN arrays extend parallel to said focal network direction corresponding to the source sharing. Advantageously, the interface plate may comprise, at the periphery 25 of the focal network, available through waveguides, connected to transmission and reception ports of RF sources but not connected to accesses of a BFN strip. , the available through waveguides having an absorbent material containing carbon.
    [0006] Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description given by way of purely illustrative and nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings which represent: FIG. 1: a diagram, in cross-section, an example of a modular focal array, according to the invention; FIGS. 2a and 2b are two diagrams in perspective and in bottom view, illustrating, respectively, an example of four access RF sources, and an example of arrangement of the four accesses, according to the invention; FIG. 3a: a diagram, in perspective, of an example of source block, according to the invention; FIGS. 3b and 3c: two diagrams, seen from below, of two examples of arrangement of the accesses of the source block of FIG. 3a, according to the invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of the through holes opening on the front and rear faces of a structuring interface plate according to the invention; FIG. 5a: a diagram, in partial view from below, illustrating an example of position of the partial BFN bars and the different access groups combined on a structuring interface plate, according to the invention; FIG. 5b: a detail view of two groups of adjacent sources sharing two RF sources with the combination of accesses for the formation of two transmit beams and two receive beams, according to the invention; FIG. 6 is a perspective diagram of an example of arrangement of the partial BFN strips on the structuring interface plate according to the invention.
    [0007] The invention relates to an antenna architecture operating on transmission and reception. The formation of the beams is therefore carried out in the two transmission and reception frequency bands. However, to obtain a good overlap of the beams in the two directions of space, it is necessary to use two antennas dedicated to the two frequency bands, the two antennas having an identical architecture. The remainder of the description is limited to a single antenna operating in transmission and reception. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating an example of a modular focal array according to the invention. The focal network 303 comprises a plurality of source blocks, a plurality of beam forming subarrays, BFN1, BFN2, BFN3, called partial BFNs, and a plurality of source blocks. structuring interface 30 covering all the accesses of the RF sources. Each source block 5 comprises a subset of a plurality of RF radio frequency sources, having fully integrated RF transmit and receive Rx transmit channels. All source blocks 15 have an identical number of N RF sources, where N is an integer greater than or equal to four, arranged in a matrix having at least two lines and at least two columns. By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 3a illustrates a source block comprising eight RF sources arranged in four rows and two columns. According to the invention, as represented in FIGS. 2a and 2b, each RF source comprises a radiating horn 10 connected to an RF channel 11 provided with four transmission or reception ports Tx1, Tx2, Rx1, Rx2, the RF chain. which may, for example, be similar to that described in document FR 2 993 716. Each RF chain comprises an orthomode transducer diplexant OMT and filters. The formation of the circular polarization is provided by couplers and / or by a polarizer for the Rx receive ports. Alternatively, the RF chain may be designed to operate in linear polarization. Advantageously, so that each source block is as compact as possible, the various RF chains can be manufactured in two complementary parts, called half-shells, by a known machining process, the two half-shells then being assembled together by any type of connection known, conventionally by screws, or alternatively, by welding, or by gluing. Advantageously, all RF channels integrated in the same source block can be machined together, next to each other, in metal half-shells common to all RF sources of the source block. In this case, assembling a source block consists of assembling the half-shells two by two, then stacking the assembled shells in different planar layers 16, 17, and finally, stacking and assembling planar layers. additional 18 containing the couplers and axial polarizers. The manufacture of all radio frequency components by machining in metal parts common to all RF sources, provides a very high robustness of each RF chain vis-à-vis the performance dispersions related to the manufacture of components. Indeed, all the components corresponding to the same frequency band being located in the same physical layer, all the electrical paths dedicated to the two polarizations of each RF chain 5 are symmetrical and thus induce the same phase dispersion. Each block of sources then has the advantage of having a planar multilayer architecture comprising a first stage consisting of radiating elements, for example turbinators, a second stage comprising the RF chains connected to the different horns, and three stages integrating couplers and axial polarizers. As shown in the two illustrated arrangements, in bottom views, in FIGS. 3b and 3c, the four Tx1, Tx2 and Rx1, Rx2 receive ports of each RF source are arranged side by side on the rear face of the block. The accesses corresponding to different RF sources are oriented parallel to each other and are arranged in a matrix, in the same arrangement of rows and columns as the radiating horns of the corresponding RF sources, for example four lines and two columns in the case of FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c. The only difference between the two arrangements shown in FIGS. 3b and 3c relates to the direction of access which can be made in a direction X corresponding to the direction of the lines, or in a direction Y corresponding to the direction of the columns. the X and Y directions may be orthogonal in the case of a square mesh as shown in Figures 3b and 3c, or be oriented at 300 or 60 ° in the case of a hexagonal mesh as shown in Figures 5a and 5b. In the arrangement shown in Figure 3b, in each line, for all RF sources, access corresponding to the same frequency and the same polarization are arranged in the same order and are therefore aligned with each other. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 3c, in each column, for all the RF sources, the accesses corresponding to the same frequency and to the same polarization are arranged in the same order and are therefore aligned with each other. Of course, the denominations "line" and "column" are arbitrary and can be inverted without the invention being modified. The different accesses of the integrated RF sources in each source block 15 are intended to be connected to corresponding through-going waveguides, open at their two opposite ends, arranged in the structuring interface plate 30 common to all the source blocks 15 of the focal network of the antenna. The structuring interface plate 30 has dimensions that correspond to the dimensions of said focal array and thus covers the entire surface of the focal array. The structuring interface plate 30 comprises at least as many passing waveguides 31 as there is access to RF sources to be connected, the traversing waveguides opening on two opposite faces, respectively front and rear, of the structuring interface plate. The arrangement of the traversing waveguides 10 is identical to the access block arrangement of the source blocks as shown in FIG. 4. Thus, all the source blocks 15 are mounted side by side on a front face of the FIG. The structuring interface, without any overlap between them, and all the accesses of the RF sources integrated in the source blocks are connected to respective through-waveguides integrated in the structuring interface plate. As shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, each beam is produced by a group 20, 21, 22 of four RF sources of the focal network, the four RF sources being arranged in a two-line matrix and two columns, combining, by intermediate of the traversing waveguides 31 20 of the interface plate 30, accesses of the same polarization and the same frequency of each of the four RF sources. In each group of four RF sources, only one of the transmit ports, for example Tx1, and only one of the receive ports, for example Rx1, of each RF source are combined with the corresponding accesses of the other three RF sources of the group 25 by dedicated power combiners 23a, 23b. Thus, with each group of four RF sources are developed a transmission beam and a receiving beam. Since each RF source has two transmit ports and two receive ports, there remains one available Tx2 transmit port and one Rx2 receive port available that can be used to form another transmit beam and another receive beam. with RF sources from another adjacent group. Two adjacent beams operating in orthogonal polarizations are developed by two groups of adjacent RF sources, each consisting of four RF sources. The combined accesses in the two adjacent groups 20, 21 have the same frequency but different polarizations. For this, in transmission and reception, the second available access is combined with corresponding accesses of a group of four adjacent RF sources. According to a direction of the focal network, for example in the X direction, the two adjacent groups 20, 21 have two sources in common and thus share two RF sources among the four. In the other direction, for example the Y direction, no RF source is shared between the adjacent source groups 20, 22. The reuse of two RF sources among the four is therefore performed in a single direction of the focal network.
    [0008] Since there is a sharing of sources only in one direction of the focal grating, the formation of the different beams can be achieved by using linear partial BFNs, independent and without any overlap between them, each partial BFN, BFN1, BFN2. , BFN3, being dedicated the formation of a beam line. The partial BFNs extend in the direction of the focal grating corresponding to the direction where there is a sharing of sources between the adjacent groups, that is to say in the X direction in our example. Each partial BFN can then be manufactured in a modular form, called a BFN bar, each BFN bar comprising all the power combiners 23a, 23b required to combine the RF source accesses, four by four, for the formation of a line of beams. The BFN strip extends parallel to the access lines to be combined, has a width corresponding to the width of two access columns of the focal network and has a length corresponding to the length of a line of the focal network. The focal grating comprises a partial BFN 25 per line of beams to be formed. Each strip of BFN comprises a front face provided with two input access lines arranged in a matrix identical to that of two lines of crossing waveguides 31 of the interface plate 30 structuring and comprises a rear face provided with two beam output ports, respectively transmission and reception, per group of four RF sources. Thus, as shown in the diagram of FIG. 6, all the partial BFN strips, BFN1, BFN2, BFN3, are mounted side by side on a rear face of the structuring interface plate 30, without any overlap between them, and all of the input ports of the partial BFNs are connected to respective through-waveguides integrated in the structuring interface plate. Since each traversing waveguide is connected to an access of an RF source belonging to a source block 15 mounted on the front face of the structuring interface plate 30, the input ports of each partial BFN are connected to respective ports of the RF sources integrated in the source blocks via the traversing waveguides of the structuring interface plate. At the periphery of the focal network, there may be some available waveguides 19 which are connected to accesses of the RF sources but which are not used for the formation of the beams and thus not connected to the accesses of a partial BFN . In this case, to absorb the RF energy radiated by the accesses of the unused RF sources, an absorbing material is inserted locally into the available through-waveguides of the structuring interface plate to which the unused accesses are connected. . Advantageously, the absorbent material contains carbon, such as, for example, silicon carbide.
    [0009] This antenna architecture makes it possible to reuse radiofrequency sources only in one dimension of the space and requires the use of a second identical antenna to obtain a good overlap of the beams in both dimensions of the space. This antenna architecture is therefore particularly simple since two adjacent beams are made by different access combinations, without the use of couplers, which allows the use of independent power combiners dedicated to the formation of a single beam.
    [0010] The structuring interface plate provides support, assembly and interconnections between all source blocks and partial BFNs on a single joint plane and allows a total decoupling between the different RF sources integrated in the source blocks. elementals mounted on its front face and the various partial BFN mounted on its rear face. Unlike conventional antenna architectures, the number of integrated RF channels in each source block is not fixed and can be adapted as desired depending on the shape of the cover to be made. Moreover, it is possible to incorporate twisted through waveguides (in English: twisted) in the structuring interface plate. The structuring interface plate 35 then makes it possible to connect RF channels and BFNs having different section waveguides as well as waveguides with different orientations, which simplifies the design of the BFNs. Since the orientation of the accesses of the RF channels is identical for all the RF sources, this facilitates the routing of the 5 power combiners within the BFNs in a plane parallel to the focal network, without overlap between the BFNs and reducing the bulk. of each RF source and the mesh size of the focal network. Although the invention has been described in connection with particular embodiments, it is quite obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if These are within the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A plurality of beam source antennas having a focal array provided with a plurality of RF radio frequency sources and a BFN beam forming network, each RF source having a radiating horn (10) connected to an RF chain (11) of transmission and reception, two transmission ports (Tx1, Tx2) respectively operating in two different polarizations orthogonal to each other and two reception ports (Rx1, Rx2) respectively operating in said two different polarizations, the number of RF sources per beam being equal to four, characterized in that it further comprises a single structuring interface plate (30) covering all the accesses of the RF sources of the focal network, the interface plate (30) comprising two opposite faces, respectively front and rear, and a plurality of traversing waveguides (31), integrated in the interface plate and opening on both front and rear faces, the guides of inlets (31) being respectively arranged in a multi-line matrix and in a plurality of columns, in that the RF sources are grouped into subsets respectively integrated in different source blocks (15) independent of each other, each comprising at least four RF sources, the source blocks (15) being mounted next to one another on the front face of the interface plate (30), the different accesses of the RF sources of each source block being connected to the respective waveguides. corresponding through-wavelengths (31) of the interface plate (30), and in that the beam-forming network consists of several independent linear partial BFNs (BFN1, BFN2, BFN3), called BFN arrays, each array of BFN integrating power combiners (23a, 23b), the BFN arrays being mounted side by side on the rear face of the interface plate (30), the power combiners integrated in each BFN partial circuit having accesses connected to corresponding through waveguides (31) of the interface plate.
    [0002]
    2. Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that each source block (15) consists of a stack of several planar layers (16, 17, 18), each planar layer consisting of two metal half-shells. The two half-shells of each planar layer are integrated together, the two half-shells of each planar layer integrating radio frequency components of the RF chains (11) of all RF sources of the source block, each RF chain being connected to a corresponding radiating horn (10).
    [0003]
    3. Antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmit and receive ports of the RF channels (11) all have the same orientation.
    [0004]
    4. Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjacent RF sources in the focal network have transmission ports and reception ports respectively connected four by four by the power combiners (23a, 23b). embedded in the BFN arrays (BFN1, BFN2, BFN3), two groups (20, 21) of four consecutive sources in the focal network sharing two sources in common in a single focal network direction and that the BFN arrays are extend parallel to said direction of the focal network corresponding to the source sharing.
    [0005]
    5. Antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the interface plate (30) comprises, on the periphery of the focal grating, available through waveguides (19), connected to transmission and reception ports 25 RF sources but not connected to accesses of a BFN strip, said available through waveguides (19) comprising a carbon-containing absorbent material. 30
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10135144B2|2018-11-20|
    US20160315391A1|2016-10-27|
    EP3086405B1|2018-03-07|
    CA2928165A1|2016-10-24|
    EP3086405A1|2016-10-26|
    ES2670321T3|2018-05-30|
    FR3035548B1|2017-05-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    US20090315796A1|2008-06-18|2009-12-24|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation|Antenna apparatus, radar and waveguide|
    US20140022138A1|2012-07-20|2014-01-23|Thales|Multibeam Transmitting and Receiving Antenna with Multiple Feeds Per Beam, System of Antennas and Satellite Telecommunication System Containing Such an Antenna|
    EP2822095A1|2013-06-24|2015-01-07|Delphi Technologies, Inc.|Antenna with fifty percent overlapped subarrays|
    GB0701087D0|2007-01-19|2007-02-28|Plasma Antennas Ltd|A displaced feed parallel plate antenna|
    FR2939971B1|2008-12-16|2011-02-11|Thales Sa|COMPACT EXCITATION ASSEMBLY FOR GENERATING CIRCULAR POLARIZATION IN AN ANTENNA AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH AN EXCITATION ASSEMBLY|US10340603B2|2016-11-23|2019-07-02|At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.|Antenna system having shielded structural configurations for assembly|
    FR3061364B1|2016-12-22|2020-06-19|Thales|MECHANICAL ARCHITECTURE OF A BEAM FORMER FOR SINGLE-SOURCE SINGLE-SOURCE MFPB ANTENNA MFPB ACCORDING TO TWO SPACE DIMENSIONS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE BEAM FORMER|
    US10379198B2|2017-04-06|2019-08-13|International Business Machines Corporation|Determining positions of transducers for receiving and/or transmitting wave signals|
    法律状态:
    2016-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-10-28| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20161028 |
    2017-03-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-03-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-01-10| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20191206 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1500871A|FR3035548B1|2015-04-24|2015-04-24|MULTI-SOURCE ANTENNA ARCHITECTURE BY BEAM AND COMPRISING A MODULAR FOCAL NETWORK|FR1500871A| FR3035548B1|2015-04-24|2015-04-24|MULTI-SOURCE ANTENNA ARCHITECTURE BY BEAM AND COMPRISING A MODULAR FOCAL NETWORK|
    ES16166576.5T| ES2670321T3|2015-04-24|2016-04-22|Antenna architecture with several sources per beam and that includes a modular focal network|
    EP16166576.5A| EP3086405B1|2015-04-24|2016-04-22|Antenna architecture with multiple sources per beam and comprising a modular focal network|
    CA2928165A| CA2928165A1|2015-04-24|2016-04-22|Architecture for an antenna with multiple feeds per beam and comprising a modular focal array|
    US15/136,755| US10135144B2|2015-04-24|2016-04-22|Architecture for an antenna with multiple feeds per beam and comprising a modular focal array|
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